CET6、TEM8、IELTS、GRE

presumption单词基本解析：

n.推测，设想; 放肆，傲慢; <律>推定
n. 推测, 可能性, 冒昧, 放肆, [法律]推定
n.推测，设想；放肆，傲慢；推定；

presumption变化用词：

复数:presumptions;

复数：presumptions

presumption英英释义：

Noun

1. an assumption that is taken for granted

2. (law) an inference of the truth of a fact from other facts proved or admitted or judicially noticed

3. audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to;

"he despised them for their presumptuousness"

4. a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming;

"his presumption was intolerable"

名词 presumption:

an assumption that is taken for granted

同义词：given, precondition

(law) an inference of the truth of a fact from other facts proved or admitted or judicially noticed

audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to

同义词：presumptuousness, effrontery, assumption

a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presumingpresumption[ pri'zʌmpʃən, pri:- ]n.an assumption that is taken for granted

同义词：givenprecondition

(law) an inference of the truth of a fact from other facts proved or admitted or judicially noticedaudacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to

同义词：presumptuousnesseffronteryassumption

a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming

"his presumption was intolerable"

presumption中文词源：

presumption用法和例句：

There is a general presumption that the doctor knows best.

一般人都以为医生最了解情况。

Everyone is entitled to the presumption of innocence until they are proved to be guilty.

在被证明有罪以前，每一个人都应被假定无辜。

...the presumption that a defendant is innocent until proved guilty...

被告在被证实有罪之前都被视为无罪的假定

I'm having to make a lot of presumptions since I don't really know anything about the case.

事实上我对这个案件一无所知，很多观点都只能是假设。

They were angered by his presumption.

他们对他的放肆感到非常愤怒。

The presumption of trust has been lost for a while.

一段时期以来,信任的前提已不复存在.

The rule in dubio pro reo ( no in doubt case ) was derived from presumption of innocence.

疑罪从无规则来源于无罪推定原则.

On the presumption that he was innocent she took his part.

她推断他无罪而袒护[支持]他.

辞典例句

Our country should express regulations causality presumption and establishes special critieria of for environmental incidents.

在适用上,因果关系推定应扩大至特殊侵权领域,并辅之以规范设计.

The presumption is that visual objects are intrinsically alienating.

推测出视觉客体在本质上是异化的.

The presumption is that he had lost his way.

推想起来,他当时是迷了路.

《现代英汉综合大词典》

In case of indirect possession, the presumption is applicable to the indirect possessor.

占有的权利推定规则仅适用于自主占有人 、 间接占有人.

This presumption, edible oil in the detection of plasticizers, mainly stems from its plastic container meters.

由此推定, 食用油中检出的增塑剂, 主要米源于其塑料容器.

The presumption of administrative authority has become an important factor of the ultra vires and abuse.

行政权推定行使,已成为行政权越权、滥用的基本口实.

This was a mere presumption.

这不过是个猜测而已.

I don't think that's a false presumption.

我认为那并不是错误的推测.

《简明英汉词典》

The principle of presumption of innocence is a commonly accepted principle in international society.

无罪推定原则是当今国际社会普遍接受的一项刑事诉讼原则.

There is a strong presumption that he will succeed.

他有很大的成功希望.

That presumption may be wrong.

这种假设可能是错误的.

That is a presumption.

那只是一个假想.

What is your view of this presumption?

你对该假定的看法 如何 ?

Any presumption that smoking is anyway beneficial is totally preposterous.

任何对抽烟不管怎样是有益的假设完全荒谬的.

The same presumption of innocence goes for copyright and privacy.

版权和隐私问题同样可获得无罪的推定.

Principle for presumption of the fault of the listed companies.

上市公司的过错推定原则.

It is not presumption on my part.

在我这方面不算冒昧.

辞典例句

Then analyze the logical deduce process and basic presumption of the fallacy of composition argument.

然后分析了合成谬误论的逻辑演绎过程和赖以得出结论的基本假设.

The presumption is that he will refuse.

看起来他会拒绝的.

辞典例句

It is debating whether doctrine of the presumption of innocence has been established in China.

无罪推定原则在我国是否已经确立尚在争论中.

The presumption of disclosure also means that agencies should take affirmative steps to make information public.

披露信息的预先前提也意味着各机构须采取坚实步骤是的信息公开.

presumption

Liu, Yameng. 1997. Authority, Presumption, and Invention [J]. Philosophy and Rhetoric 30.4: 413-27.

[权威，设定和修辞发明。《哲学与修辞》1997年第4期。

PAUL VOLCKER: What changed drastically in the 1980s and running through today is the kind of presumption that inflation is bad.

“通货膨胀是糟糕的事情这个假定是经过八十年代的激烈变化确立的，并且一直使用到今天。

A plausible presumption is that practical politicians would try to protect their constituents from global gluts.

一个合理的假设，讲求实际的政治家会尽力保护其选民不受全球供过于求的影响。

Once EPA decides to issue a notice of cancellation, a presumption arises in favor of suspension.

一旦环境保护局决定颁布一个撤销注册的通知，就会出现有利于终止注册的推断。

There is a general presumption that the doctor knows best.

一般人都以为医生最了解情况。

Presumption of Interpretation against the Drafter

三、对起草者不利解释推定

Presumption That a Statute Must Be Read as a Whole

三、整体理解推定

A leisurely process of decision-making creates a presumption in favor of eventual inaction.

不慌不忙地作决定就会使人猜测是打算不了了之。

However, if the speaker lacks a correct estimation of the common knowledge field shared by the other participants, an untrue presumption is likely to occur.

不过，如果发话者对话语参与者的知识共有场缺乏正确的估计，有可能造成其预设的不真实性。

China did not succeed in rebutting that presumption.

中国未能成功反驳该假定。

China market research director general Jim Begg said: 'Everyone knows that cows produce methane and the presumption is that nature must take its course.

为网站提供和访客对话的平台，并且网站访客无需安装任何软件，即可通过网页进行对话。所有机房建设系统共有的一个特点是：网页标签。

Lord, help us keep our hearts tender before You, Keep us from the presumption of making decisions which we have not thoroughly checked out with You and Your wise counsellors.

主啊，帮助我们的心在您面前柔软。保守我们在没有仔细察验您的心意之前，不冒然作决定。谢谢您赐给我们自由意志的恩赐。

Major-Minor Fault Presumption Rule

主要-次要过失推定原则

The fact that a theory of politics, if there be such a theory, has never been heard of before tends to create a presumption against, rather than in favor of, its soundness.

事实上，对于一套政治理论，假设其确实存在而之前却从未听闻的话，容易形成的假设是反对，而不是支持其该理论的完备性。

Res ipsa loquitur does not normally entail a presumption of the defendant's fault, nor a shift in the burden of proof.

事实自证制度通常并不涉及对被告过错的推定，也不必定导致举证责任的倒置。

Analyze from the angle of demonstration, presumption of fault is the result of law experience and deduction, not the arbitrariness of the judge, which endows presumption of fault rationality, and can be accommodated by legal system.

从实证的角度分析，过错推定是一种法律经验和逻辑推论的结果，而不是立法者的任意，这使得过错推定制度具有一种特定法律发展的合理性，并能为法学理论体系所容纳。

I have never heard of such presumption.

从来没有听说过如此无礼的事。

She was infuriated by his presumption in making the travel arrange ments without first consulting her.

他事先没和她商量便做好旅行安排,她对他自作主张很生气.

She is infuriated by his presumption in make the travel arrangement without first consulting her.

他事先没和她商量便做好旅行安排，她对他自作主张很生气。

She was infuriated by his presumption in making the travel arrangements without first consultingher.

他事先没有和她商量便作好旅行安排,她对他自作主张很生气。

She was infuriated by his presumption in making the travel arrangements without first consulting her.

他事先没有和她商量便作好旅行安排，她对他自作主张很生气。

Nevertheless, in their presumption they went up toward the high hill country, though neither Moses nor the ark of the LORD'S covenant moved from the camp.

他们却擅敢上山顶去，然而耶和华的约柜和摩西没有出营。

The presumption has become that such regimes will endure.

他们转而假定这类政权能够维持下去。

She was indignant with his presumption and self-satisfaction and conscious rectitude .

他办事公正，实事求是，本性如此，无需申述。

He liked to quote Lord Sankey's（注4） words on the presumption of innocence, the “single golden thread” that ran through English law.

他喜欢在假定别人无罪时援引桑基爵士的比喻：无罪推定原则是英国法律中“唯一的金线”。

He had the presumption to criticize my work.

他居然厚着脸皮批评起我的作品[工作]来。

There is a strong presumption that he will succeed.

他有很大的成功希望。

The presumption of state control under the rubric of “African socialism” (an illusory third way) has been junked.

以“非洲社会主义”为红色标题的国家管控假想已经卡壳了，那只是幻想中的第三种路线。

Founded on probability or presumption.

以可能性或假设为根据的

Any presumption that smoking is in anyway beneficial is totally preposterous.

任何对抽烟不管怎样是有益的假设都是完全荒谬的。

Any presumption those smoking is in anyway beneficial is totally preposterous .

任何对抽烟不管怎样样是有益的假设都是完全荒谬的。

The story(absurd enough!) is that Jupiter made the first woman and sent her to Prometheus and his brother, to punish them for their presumption in stealing fire from heaven; and man, for accepting the gift.

传说(虽然相当荒唐)朱庇特造了第一个女人并把她送给了普罗米修斯兄弟二人，以惩罚他们偷盗天火的狂妄行为，也惩罚人类，因为他们接受了天火。

The story (absurd enough!) is that Jupiter made the first woman and sent her to Prometheus and his brother, to punish them for their presumption in stealing fire from heaven; and man, for accepting the gift.

传说（虽然相当荒唐）朱庇特造了第一个女人并把她送给了普罗米修斯兄弟二人，以惩罚他们偷盗天火的狂妄行为，也惩罚人类，因为他们接受了天火。

It seems that TSCA essentially establishes a presumption of safety, which EPA must overcome before it may require further testing of a chemical.

似乎《有毒物质管理法案》实质上确立了安全性的假定，在要求对化学药品做进一步检查之前，环境保护局必须证明这个假定。

Presumption led them to transgress His law, believing that His great love would save them from the consequence of their sin.

但他们却擅作主张，以致违犯了他的律法，还指望他的大爱会救他们脱离犯罪的后果呢。

But faith listens neither to Presumption, nor to Despair, nor to Cowardice, nor to Precipitancy, but it hears God say, "Stand still," and immovable as a rock it stands.

但是信心对于傲慢，绝望，懦弱，和急躁等等的话，一概不听，只听神的吩咐，“只管站住”，屹立不动，有如磐石。

You can't base an operation on the presumption that miracles are going to happen.

你不能把行动计划建筑在可能出现奇迹的假想基础上。

Your presumption that I would agree with your plan is false.

你假设我会同意你的计划，那是错的。

Your presumption that I would want to share a flat with you is false.

你认为我会和你同住一套公寓,那就错了。

The problem with this rhetoric-- "Congress for sale, foreign agents in our midst"-- is that it creates a presumption of corruption that no reform will dispel.

使用如“国会在待价出售，有外国代理商在我们中间”这种夸张的辞令，问题在于它制造一种任何改革也无法消除的贪污腐化设想。

that was a presumption at the most, not a proof.

充其量这也只是种猜测而不是证据。

Public need that may override the presumption against reclamation need not be something that the community cannot do without.

公众需要,不一定是公众不可或缺的需要。

The presumption has transferred only the burden of producing evidence, not the burden of persuasion.

其中，推定转移给被告人的仅仅是提供证据责任，而并不转移说服责任。

And then they have made it over; a presumption of which neither time nor revolutions at least have been guilty.

再则，花样翻新，经常一改再改，这至少是时间和革命所未曾有过的奢望。

Put another way, the presumption that political freedom will never catch up with economic freedom could turn out to be joyously wrong.

再者，认为政治自由永远滞后于经济自由的说法也会被证明是可笑的谬论。

Presumption of Innocence, Anti-self-incrimination, and In the Interest of the Prosecuted, are the three basic principles governing the distribution of burden of proof in criminal litigation.

刑事诉讼基本原则中的无罪推定原则,反对强迫自证其罪原则,有利于被告原则决定和指导着刑事证明责任的具体分配,是刑事证明责任分配的基本根据。

The injury reparation of medical accident should be adapted to the rule of negligence presumption and conduction of reverse the burden of proof.

医疗事故的法律性质为侵权责任，医疗事故的损害赔偿应适用过错推定原则，实行举证责任倒置。

Even where recognized, independent contractor status must be strictly maintained because it is against the usual presumption.

即便是在认可这种关系的地方（国家），独立承包人身份也必须严格维持，因为它与通常的推测相悖。

This document does not constitute an intention to create legal relations and any presumption of intention to create such legal relations is expressly rebutted by both parties.

双方无意以此协议文件设立某项法律关系。并且，双方明确反对认为此协议文件旨在设立某项法律关系的任何假定。

Causality presumption is the issue that stretches over tort law and the proof law,it has little influences in the legislation and court,compared with the fault presumption.

古典因果关系理论不适应现代社会,在环境侵权领域,因果关系之调整以及因果关系推定之确立乃属必然。

The strength of the presumption of reviewability is reflected in the extraordinary feats of statutory construction that courts have performed in order to avoid concluding that particular statutes preclude judicial review.

可复审性的假设的力量也反映在法院所作的法定解释的非凡绝技上，目的是避免得出结论称特定法规阻止司法复审。

China wood report director general Jim Begg said: ''Everyone knows that cows produce methane and the presumption is that nature must take its course.

司法考试必须要经过亲身体验，才能获得直观感受，这种感受和做练习是不一样的，即使这次考试失利了，切身体验对以后的复习也大有帮助。

In comparison with court trials, administrative adjudications generally are governed by liberal evidentiary rules that create a strong presumption in favor of admitting questionable or challenged evidence.

和法院审判相比较，行政裁断一般受自由的证据规则支配。 依此规则，常常造成很强烈的足以接受可疑的或受到质疑的证据的推定。

Presumption of Recognition by Associated Words

四、联想理解推定

As his mouth was sticky, the presumption was that he had eaten the cake.

因为他的嘴黏黏的，看来他吃了蛋糕。

Thus, for example, if inhalation of a chemical is dangerous, there is a presumption that ingestion of the chemical would also be dangerous.

因此，如果吸入一种化学药品是有危险的，就可以判断，食入这种化学药品也是有危险的。

In Abbott Laboratories v.Gardner, 387 U.S. 136 (1967), the Supreme Court formally acknowledged this presumption of reviewability.

在"阿博特试验室诉加德纳"案[《美国最高法院判例汇编》第387卷，第136页（1967）]里，最高法院正式承认这种可复审性的假设。

It took a great deal of presumption to insult the ambassador at his own party.

在他自己的聚会上污辱大使是要有很大胆量的。

It is not presumption on my part.

在我这方面不算冒昧。

China pesticide report director general Jim Begg said: ''Everyone knows that cows produce methane and the presumption is that nature must take its course.

在新世纪中，我国建筑卫生陶瓷的出口量和出口额大幅度增长（见表二）。

In a few recent cases, the Court has demonstrated that the presumption of reviewability can at times be overcome.

在若干最近的案子里，最高法院均证实，可复审性的假设有时是能够克服的。

Everyone is entitled to the presumption of innocence until they are proved to be guilty.

在被证明有罪以前，每一个人都应被假定无辜。

On this presumption, she stopped at noon at a neat farm-house, to rest herself.

在这种推测下，到了正午时分，她便在一间整洁的农舍前停下来歇一歇脚。

Furthermore, we tested the presumption of the OLS regression model and showed the data was almost fit for regression analysis.

在进行OLS回归分析之前，论文对研究数据还进行了回归模型假设条件检验，各个方面的指标显示，数据基本适宜进行回归分析。

Our country should express regulations causality presumption and establishes special critieria of for environmental incidents.

在适用上，因果关系推定应扩大至特殊侵权领域，并辅之以规范设计。

His presumption was bad enough, but the task of breaking the news to Harriet was much worse.

埃尔顿的自以为是已经够讨厌的了，可如何把这个消息透露给哈里特，就更叫人心烦。

Upon a showing of two years’ abandonment, the burden to rebut the presumption is on the prior user who must demonstrate an intent to resume use.

基于两年放弃之公告，对该视为放弃持反对意见者即使用在先者承担必须证明其有意恢复使用之责任。

Asked whether the Mercedes Benz E200 Kompressor could be now regarded as official cars for state executive councillors and ex officio, Ahmad quipped “Make your own presumption.

大臣没有交代何为解决，如何解决；阿都拉也没有把事情说清楚，留下很多想象空间！

She was indignant with his presumption and self-satisfaction and conscious rectitude.

她恼火他的傲慢自满和自以为是。

On the presumption that he was innocent she took his part.

她推断他无罪而袒护[支持]他。

We do not baptize covenant children on the presumption of their regeneration, but on basis of the divine command and promises attached to baptism.

孩童受浸并非是基于他们得重生的假设，而是根据浸礼是神的命定和应许。

It propagated the general presumption of landlord superiority and peasant unworthiness.

它宣扬地主富有而农民贫困是天定的。

The Convention rescinds the statutory presumption of fault and at the same time establishes the proportional fault rule.

它废除了在过失标准判断上的法律推定过失原则,确立了在碰撞责任认定方面的过失比例原则。

In effect, the Florida East Coast decision created a strong presumption in favor of informal rulemaking.

实际上，"佛罗里达东海岸"案的裁决造成了坚决赞成非正式规则制定的推论。

It is undoubtedly erroneous that the belief of real property register and bona fide acquisition are the base or start of presumption of rights.

将推定力看作公信力与善意取得制度的基础或出发点,乃本末倒置之举。

Despite the fact that this fee limit virtually precluded claimants from retaining private attorneys, the Court found no basis for overturning the presumption of constitutionality that should be accorded to a federal statute.

尽管这一报酬规定实际上阻止了申请人聘请私人辩护律师，法院仍认定缺少理由以推翻应当赋予联邦法规的合宪性的假设。

Let my presumption not provoke thy wrath

希望我的揣测不会激起你的怒气

I hope my presumption not provoke your wrath.

希望我的揣测不会激起你的怒气。

Let my presumption not provoke thy wrath(Shakespeare.

希望我的揣测不会激起你的怒气（莎士比亚）。

We should learn the advanced concept abroad taking a series of measures to improve the system of arrest under the guidance of the principle of Presumption of Innocence and procedural justice.

应当借鉴国外先进诉讼理念及制度设计,以无罪推定和程序正义原则为指导,通过一系列的改革完善我国逮捕制度。

用作名词(n.)

I don't think that's a false presumption.
我认为那并不是错误的推测。

On this presumption, she stopped at noon at a neat farm-house, to rest herself.
在这种推测下，到了正午时分，她便在一间整洁的农舍前停下来歇一歇脚。

It is not presumption on my part.
在我这方面不算冒昧。

Please pardon my presumption in writing to you.
请原谅我很冒昧地写信给你。

The same presumption of innocence goes for copyright and privacy.
版权和隐私问题同样可获得无罪的推定。

There is a strong presumption in favour of the truthfulness of their statement.
有一个有力的根据足以推定他们所讲是真实的。

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